DPP-WPA2-LEGACY - Hostapd Enrollee - Supplicant Configurator

DPP-WPA2-LEGACY (AP as Enrollee and STA as Configurator) frame exchange

Wi-Fi Device Provisioning Protocol (DPP) is a replacement of the Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS). With DPP, devices can be authenticated to join a network without a password through various means, including QR codes or NFC tags. this is not simply a mechanism for communicating the password but rather it is a way for devices to perform mutual authentication without a password.

The following is a resprestaion of DPP-WPA2-LEGACY (AP as Enrollee and STA as Configurator) handshake

Hostpad(AP-Enrollee)                                wpa_supplicant(STA-Configurator)

|<<-----------------------DPP_Auth_Req-----------------------|

|-------------------------DPP_Auth_Resp-------------------->>|

|<<-----------------------DPP_Auth_Confirm-------------------|

|-------------------------DPP_Config_Req------------------->>|

|<<-----------------------DPP_Config_Resp--------------------|

|<<-----------------------Auth_Req---------------------------|

|-------------------------Auth_Resp------------------------>>|

|<<-----------------------Assoc_Req--------------------------|

|-------------------------Assoc_Resp----------------------->>|

|-------------------------EAPOL-M1------------------------->>|

|<<-----------------------EAPOL-M2---------------------------|

|-------------------------EAPOL-M3------------------------->>|

|<<-----------------------EAPOL-M4---------------------------|

Test bed

Inorder to execute below practical example, two Linux machines are needed with ubuntu version >= 16.04.

  • Check the Ubuntu version on your machine. Ubuntu version used for in this site is 20.04
    $ lsb_release -a
    No LSB modules are available.
    Distributor ID:	Ubuntu
    Description:	Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS
    Release:	20.04
    Codename:	focal
    

wpa_supplicant compilation

The daemon process that runs in the client stations. It implements WPA key negotiation with a WPA Authenticator and EAP authentication with Authentication Server. In addition, it controls the roaming and IEEE 802.11 authentication/association of the wireless LAN driver. Following are the steps to download and compiling wpa_supplicant from source code

  1. Download latest wpa_supplicant
    $ wget https://w1.fi/releases/wpa_supplicant-2.9.tar.gz
    
  2. Install required packages
    $ sudo apt install libnl-genl-3-dev libnl-3-dev libdbus-glib-1-dev
    
    below messages indicate that packages are installed successfully
    The following NEW packages will be installed:
      libdbus-glib-1-dev libdbus-glib-1-dev-bin libnl-3-dev libnl-genl-3-dev
    0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
    Need to get 212 kB of archives.
    After this operation, 1,235 kB of additional disk space will be used.
    Do you want to continue? [Y/n] 
    Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libdbus-glib-1-dev-bin amd64 0.110-5fakssync1 [39.5 kB]
    Get:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libdbus-glib-1-dev amd64 0.110-5fakssync1 [69.2 kB]
    Get:3 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libnl-3-dev amd64 3.4.0-1 [92.2 kB]
    Get:4 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libnl-genl-3-dev amd64 3.4.0-1 [10.7 kB]
    Fetched 212 kB in 1s (293 kB/s)             
    Selecting previously unselected package libdbus-glib-1-dev-bin.
    (Reading database ... 385264 files and directories currently installed.)
    Preparing to unpack .../libdbus-glib-1-dev-bin_0.110-5fakssync1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libdbus-glib-1-dev-bin (0.110-5fakssync1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libdbus-glib-1-dev:amd64.
    Preparing to unpack .../libdbus-glib-1-dev_0.110-5fakssync1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libdbus-glib-1-dev:amd64 (0.110-5fakssync1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnl-3-dev:amd64.
    Preparing to unpack .../libnl-3-dev_3.4.0-1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libnl-3-dev:amd64 (3.4.0-1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnl-genl-3-dev:amd64.
    Preparing to unpack .../libnl-genl-3-dev_3.4.0-1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libnl-genl-3-dev:amd64 (3.4.0-1) ...
    Setting up libdbus-glib-1-dev-bin (0.110-5fakssync1) ...
    Setting up libnl-3-dev:amd64 (3.4.0-1) ...
    Setting up libdbus-glib-1-dev:amd64 (0.110-5fakssync1) ...
    Setting up libnl-genl-3-dev:amd64 (3.4.0-1) ...
    Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
    
    
  3. Extract the tar file
    $ tar -xvf wpa_supplicant-2.9.tar.gz
    
  4. Go to wpa_supplicant directory
    $ cd wpa_supplicant-2.9/wpa_supplicant
    
  5. Copy the default configuration into .conf file
    $ cp defconfig .config
    
  6. Enable below configs in .config
    $ vim .config
    CONFIG_DRIVER_NL80211=y
    CONFIG_WPA_PSK=y
    CONFIG_DPP=y
    CONFIG_IEEE80211W=y
    CONFIG_INTERWORKING=y
    CONFIG_SHA512=y
    CONFIG_SHA384=y
    CONFIG_CRYPTO=y
    
  7. Build the wpa_supplicant
    $ make
    

    Below is the list of files compiled based on the features enabled in “.config”

      CC  config.c
      CC  notify.c
      CC  bss.c
      CC  eap_register.c
      CC  ../src/utils/common.c
      CC  ../src/utils/wpa_debug.c
      CC  ../src/utils/wpabuf.c
      CC  ../src/utils/bitfield.c
      CC  op_classes.c
      CC  rrm.c
      CC  wmm_ac.c
      CC  ../src/utils/os_unix.c
      CC  ../src/utils/eloop.c
      CC  config_file.c
      CC  ../src/rsn_supp/wpa_ft.c
      CC  ../src/common/sae.c
      CC  ../src/common/dpp.c
      CC  dpp_supplicant.c
      CC  ../src/rsn_supp/wpa.c
      CC  ../src/rsn_supp/preauth.c
      CC  ../src/rsn_supp/pmksa_cache.c
      CC  ../src/rsn_supp/wpa_ie.c
      CC  ../src/common/wpa_common.c
      CC  ibss_rsn.c
      CC  p2p_supplicant.c
      CC  p2p_supplicant_sd.c
      CC  ../src/p2p/p2p.c
      CC  ../src/p2p/p2p_utils.c
      CC  ../src/p2p/p2p_parse.c
      CC  ../src/p2p/p2p_build.c
      CC  ../src/p2p/p2p_go_neg.c
      CC  ../src/p2p/p2p_sd.c
      CC  ../src/p2p/p2p_pd.c
      CC  ../src/p2p/p2p_invitation.c
      CC  ../src/p2p/p2p_dev_disc.c
      CC  ../src/p2p/p2p_group.c
      CC  ../src/ap/p2p_hostapd.c
      CC  wifi_display.c
      CC  hs20_supplicant.c
      CC  interworking.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_tls.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_peap.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/eap_peap_common.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_ttls.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_md5.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_mschapv2.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/mschapv2.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_gtc.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_otp.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_leap.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_fast.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_fast_pac.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/eap_fast_common.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_pax.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/eap_pax_common.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_sake.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/eap_sake_common.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_gpsk.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/eap_gpsk_common.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_pwd.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/eap_pwd_common.c
      CC  wps_supplicant.c
      CC  ../src/utils/uuid.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_wsc.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/eap_wsc_common.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_common.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_attr_parse.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_attr_build.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_attr_process.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_dev_attr.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_enrollee.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_registrar.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_ikev2.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/ikev2.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/eap_ikev2_common.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/ikev2_common.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_tnc.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/tncc.c
      CC  ../src/eapol_supp/eapol_supp_sm.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_methods.c
      CC  ap.c
      CC  ../src/ap/hostapd.c
      CC  ../src/ap/wpa_auth_glue.c
      CC  ../src/ap/utils.c
      CC  ../src/ap/authsrv.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ap_config.c
      CC  ../src/utils/ip_addr.c
      CC  ../src/ap/sta_info.c
      CC  ../src/ap/tkip_countermeasures.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ap_mlme.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ieee802_1x.c
      CC  ../src/eapol_auth/eapol_auth_sm.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ieee802_11_auth.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ieee802_11_shared.c
      CC  ../src/ap/drv_callbacks.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ap_drv_ops.c
      CC  ../src/ap/beacon.c
      CC  ../src/ap/bss_load.c
      CC  ../src/ap/eap_user_db.c
      CC  ../src/ap/neighbor_db.c
      CC  ../src/ap/rrm.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ieee802_11_ht.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ieee802_11_vht.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ctrl_iface_ap.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server_identity.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server_methods.c
      CC  ../src/ap/wmm.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ap_list.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ieee802_11.c
      CC  ../src/ap/hw_features.c
      CC  ../src/ap/dfs.c
      CC  ../src/ap/wps_hostapd.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server_wsc.c
      CC  ../src/ap/dpp_hostapd.c
      CC  ../src/ap/gas_query_ap.c
      CC  ../src/ap/gas_serv.c
      CC  ../src/ap/hs20.c
      CC  ../src/ap/wpa_auth.c
      CC  ../src/ap/wpa_auth_ie.c
      CC  ../src/ap/pmksa_cache_auth.c
      CC  ../src/common/dragonfly.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/ms_funcs.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/chap.c
      CC  ../src/eap_peer/eap_tls_common.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/tls_openssl.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/tls_openssl_ocsp.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/crypto_openssl.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/aes-siv.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/aes-ctr.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/aes-omac1.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha256-kdf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha384-kdf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha512-kdf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha256-prf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha256-tlsprf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha384-prf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha512-prf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/dh_groups.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/random.c
      CC  ../src/common/ctrl_iface_common.c
      CC  ctrl_iface.c
      CC  ctrl_iface_unix.c
      CC  dbus/dbus_dict_helpers.c
      CC  dbus/dbus_new_helpers.c
    dbus/dbus_new.c: In function ‘wpas_dbus_unregister_p2p_group’:
    dbus/dbus_new.c:4793:3: warning: ‘%s’ directive argument is null [-Wformat-overflow=]
     4793 |   wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
          |   ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
     4794 |       "%s: Group object '%s' already unregistered",
          |       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
     4795 |       __func__, wpa_s->dbus_groupobj_path);
          |       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
      CC  dbus/dbus_new.c
      CC  dbus/dbus_new_handlers.c
      CC  dbus/dbus_common.c
      CC  dbus/dbus_new_handlers_wps.c
      CC  dbus/dbus_new_handlers_p2p.c
      CC  dbus/dbus_new_introspect.c
      CC  ../src/utils/base64.c
      CC  sme.c
      CC  ../src/common/ieee802_11_common.c
      CC  ../src/common/hw_features_common.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/eap_common.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha1-prf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha1-tprf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha1-tlsprf.c
      CC  bgscan_simple.c
      CC  bgscan.c
      CC  ../src/common/gas_server.c
      CC  ../src/common/gas.c
      CC  gas_query.c
      CC  offchannel.c
      CC  ../src/utils/json.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_common.c
      CC  wpa_supplicant.c
      CC  events.c
      CC  blacklist.c
      CC  wpas_glue.c
      CC  scan.c
      CC  main.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_wired.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_wired_common.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_nl80211.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_nl80211_capa.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_nl80211_event.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_nl80211_monitor.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_nl80211_scan.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/netlink.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/linux_ioctl.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/rfkill.c
      CC  ../src/utils/radiotap.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_wext.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/drivers.c
      CC  ../src/l2_packet/l2_packet_linux.c
      LD  wpa_supplicant
      CC  wpa_cli.c
      CC  ../src/common/wpa_ctrl.c
      CC  ../src/common/cli.c
      CC  ../src/utils/edit_simple.c
      LD  wpa_cli
      LD  wpa_passphrase
    
  8. Install the compiled commands (optional)
    $ make install
    

hostapd compilation

The hostapd is a user space daemon for access point and authentication servers. It implements IEEE 802.11 access point management, IEEE 802.1X/WPA/WPA2/EAP Authenticators, RADIUS client, EAP server, and RADIUS authentication server. Following are the steps to download and compiling hostapd from source code

  1. Download latest hostapd
    $ wget http://w1.fi/releases/hostapd-2.9.tar.gz
    
  2. Install required packages
    $ sudo apt install libnl-genl-3-dev libnl-3-dev libdbus-glib-1-dev
    
    below messages indicate that packages are installed successfully
    The following NEW packages will be installed:
      libdbus-glib-1-dev libdbus-glib-1-dev-bin libnl-3-dev libnl-genl-3-dev
    0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
    Need to get 212 kB of archives.
    After this operation, 1,235 kB of additional disk space will be used.
    Do you want to continue? [Y/n] 
    Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libdbus-glib-1-dev-bin amd64 0.110-5fakssync1 [39.5 kB]
    Get:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libdbus-glib-1-dev amd64 0.110-5fakssync1 [69.2 kB]
    Get:3 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libnl-3-dev amd64 3.4.0-1 [92.2 kB]
    Get:4 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libnl-genl-3-dev amd64 3.4.0-1 [10.7 kB]
    Fetched 212 kB in 1s (293 kB/s)             
    Selecting previously unselected package libdbus-glib-1-dev-bin.
    (Reading database ... 385264 files and directories currently installed.)
    Preparing to unpack .../libdbus-glib-1-dev-bin_0.110-5fakssync1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libdbus-glib-1-dev-bin (0.110-5fakssync1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libdbus-glib-1-dev:amd64.
    Preparing to unpack .../libdbus-glib-1-dev_0.110-5fakssync1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libdbus-glib-1-dev:amd64 (0.110-5fakssync1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnl-3-dev:amd64.
    Preparing to unpack .../libnl-3-dev_3.4.0-1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libnl-3-dev:amd64 (3.4.0-1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnl-genl-3-dev:amd64.
    Preparing to unpack .../libnl-genl-3-dev_3.4.0-1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libnl-genl-3-dev:amd64 (3.4.0-1) ...
    Setting up libdbus-glib-1-dev-bin (0.110-5fakssync1) ...
    Setting up libnl-3-dev:amd64 (3.4.0-1) ...
    Setting up libdbus-glib-1-dev:amd64 (0.110-5fakssync1) ...
    Setting up libnl-genl-3-dev:amd64 (3.4.0-1) ...
    Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
    
    
  3. Extract the tar file
    $ tar -xzvf hostapd-2.9.tar.gz
    
  4. Go to Hostapd directory
    $ cd hostapd-2.9/hostapd
    
  5. Copy the default configuration into .conf file
    $ cp defconfig .config
    
  6. Enable below configs in .config
    $ vim .config
    CONFIG_DRIVER_NL80211=y
    CONFIG_WPA_PSK=y
    CONFIG_DPP=y
    CONFIG_IEEE80211W=y
    CONFIG_INTERWORKING=y
    CONFIG_SHA512=y
    CONFIG_SHA384=y
    CONFIG_CRYPTO=y
    
  7. Build the Hostapd
    $ make
    

    Below is the list of files compiled based on the features enabled in “.config”

      CC  main.c
      CC  config_file.c
      CC  ../src/ap/hostapd.c
      CC  ../src/ap/wpa_auth_glue.c
      CC  ../src/ap/drv_callbacks.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ap_drv_ops.c
      CC  ../src/ap/utils.c
      CC  ../src/ap/authsrv.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ieee802_1x.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ap_config.c
      CC  ../src/ap/eap_user_db.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ieee802_11_auth.c
      CC  ../src/ap/sta_info.c
      CC  ../src/ap/wpa_auth.c
      CC  ../src/ap/tkip_countermeasures.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ap_mlme.c
      CC  ../src/ap/wpa_auth_ie.c
      CC  ../src/ap/preauth_auth.c
      CC  ../src/ap/pmksa_cache_auth.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ieee802_11_shared.c
      CC  ../src/ap/beacon.c
      CC  ../src/ap/bss_load.c
      CC  ../src/ap/neighbor_db.c
      CC  ../src/ap/rrm.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/drivers.c
      CC  ../src/utils/eloop.c
      CC  ../src/utils/common.c
      CC  ../src/utils/wpa_debug.c
      CC  ../src/utils/wpabuf.c
      CC  ../src/utils/os_unix.c
      CC  ../src/utils/ip_addr.c
      CC  ../src/common/ieee802_11_common.c
      CC  ../src/common/wpa_common.c
      CC  ../src/common/hw_features_common.c
      CC  ../src/eapol_auth/eapol_auth_sm.c
      CC  ../src/eapol_auth/eapol_auth_dump.c
      CC  ../src/radius/radius.c
      CC  ../src/radius/radius_client.c
      CC  ../src/radius/radius_das.c
      CC  ../src/ap/accounting.c
      CC  ../src/ap/vlan_init.c
      CC  ../src/ap/vlan_ifconfig.c
      CC  ../src/ap/vlan.c
      CC  ../src/common/ctrl_iface_common.c
      CC  ctrl_iface.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ctrl_iface_ap.c
      CC  ../src/ap/iapp.c
      CC  ../src/common/sae.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_hostap.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_nl80211.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_nl80211_capa.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_nl80211_event.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_nl80211_monitor.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_nl80211_scan.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/netlink.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/linux_ioctl.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/rfkill.c
      CC  ../src/utils/radiotap.c
      CC  ../src/l2_packet/l2_packet_linux.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server_md5.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server_tls.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server_peap.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/eap_peap_common.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server_ttls.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server_mschapv2.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server_gtc.c
      CC  ../src/utils/uuid.c
      CC  ../src/ap/wps_hostapd.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server_wsc.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/eap_wsc_common.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_common.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_attr_parse.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_attr_build.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_attr_process.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_dev_attr.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_enrollee.c
      CC  ../src/wps/wps_registrar.c
      CC  eap_register.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/eap_common.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server_methods.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server_identity.c
      CC  ../src/common/dragonfly.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/ms_funcs.c
      CC  ../src/eap_common/chap.c
      CC  ../src/eap_server/eap_server_tls_common.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/tls_openssl.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/tls_openssl_ocsp.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/crypto_openssl.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/aes-omac1.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha1-prf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha1-tlsprf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha256-prf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha256-tlsprf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/sha256-kdf.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/dh_groups.c
      CC  ../src/crypto/random.c
      CC  ../src/utils/base64.c
      CC  ../src/ap/wmm.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ap_list.c
      CC  ../src/ap/ieee802_11.c
      CC  ../src/ap/hw_features.c
      CC  ../src/ap/dfs.c
      CC  ../src/common/gas.c
      CC  ../src/ap/gas_serv.c
      CC  ../src/drivers/driver_common.c
      LD  hostapd
      CC  hostapd_cli.c
      CC  ../src/common/wpa_ctrl.c
      CC  ../src/common/cli.c
      CC  ../src/utils/edit_simple.c
      LD  hostapd_cli
    
  8. Install the compiled commands (optional)
    $ make install
    

Running hostapd

  1. Check if wifi interface with the name “wlan0” is available. This is created on boot up of the ubuntu machine or by installing wifi driver manually

    $ iwconfig 
    wlan0     IEEE 802.11  ESSID:off/any  
              Mode:Managed  Access Point: Not-Associated   Tx-Power=20 dBm   
              Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
              Power Management:on
    
    $ iw dev 
    phy#1
    	Interface wlan0
    		ifindex 5
    		wdev 0x100000001
    		addr 02:00:00:00:00:00
    		type managed
    		txpower 20.00 dBm
    
  2. Create a hostapd.conf file in /etc/hostapd/ folder with below content
    $ sudo vim /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
    

    Copy below content

    interface=wlan0
    driver=nl80211
    ctrl_interface=/var/run/hostapd
    ssid=test
    channel=6
    wpa=2
    wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK WPA-PSK-SHA256 DPP
    ieee80211w=1
    wpa_passphrase=passwordpasswordpassword
    wpa_pairwise=CCMP
    rsn_pairwise=CCMP
    
  3. Go to hostapd directory
    $ cd hostapd-2.9/hostapd
    
  4. Run hostapd by issuing follwing command
    $ sudo ./hostapd /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
    

    Below log messages are seen on console after running hostapd

    Configuration file: /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
    Using interface wlan0 with hwaddr 02:00:00:00:00:00 and ssid "test"
    wlan0: interface state UNINITIALIZED->ENABLED
    wlan0: AP-ENABLED 
    
  5. Mode of “wlan0” interface is now assigned as “AP/Master”. Check this by querying information via iwconfig/iw command

    $ iwconfig 
    wlan0     IEEE 802.11  Mode:Master  Tx-Power=20 dBm   
              Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
              Power Management:on
    
    $ iw dev
    phy#1
    	Interface wlan0
    		ifindex 5
    		wdev 0x100000001
    		addr 02:00:00:00:00:00
    		ssid test
    		type AP
    		channel 6 (2437 MHz), width: 20 MHz (no HT), center1: 2437 MHz
    		txpower 20.00 dBm
    

Running wpa_supplicant

  1. Check if wifi interface with the name “wlan1” is available. This is created on boot up of the ubuntu machine or by installing wifi driver manually
    $ iwconfig 
    wlan1     IEEE 802.11  ESSID:off/any  
              Mode:Managed  Access Point: Not-Associated   Tx-Power=20 dBm   
              Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
              Power Management:on
    
    $ iw dev
    phy#2
    	Interface wlan1
    		ifindex 6
    		wdev 0x200000001
    		addr 02:00:00:00:01:00
    		type managed
    		txpower 20.00 dBm
    
  2. Go to wpa_supplicant directory
    $ cd wpa_supplicant-2.9/wpa_supplicant
    
  3. Create wpa_supplicant.conf file with following network block contents

    delete all existing content and copy below content

    ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
    update_config=1
    ctrl_interface_group=0
    pmf=2
    dpp_config_processing=2
    
    
  4. Run wpa_supplicant
    $ sudo ./wpa_supplicant -Dnl80211 -i wlan1 -c wpa_supplicant.conf
    

Syntax : Sequence of commands

Steps

AP (hostapd_cli)

Station (wpa_cli)

Step 1

> dpp_configurator_add

> returns <CONFIGURATOR_ID>

* Note : Use the returned <CONFIGURATOR_ID> in step2 

Step 2

> dpp_configurator_get_key <CONFIGURATOR_ID>

> returns <KEY_ENROLLEE>

* Note : Use the returned <KEY_ENROLLEE> in step3

Step 3

> dpp_bootstrap_gen type=qrcode \
  mac=<MAC_OF_ENROLLEE> \
  chan=<operating-class/channel of the configurator> \
  key=<KEY_ENROLLEE>

> returns <BOOT_STRAPPING_INFO_ID>

* Note :
	1. <KEY_ENROLLEE> is derived from step2
	2. Use <BOOT_STRAPPING_INFO_ID> in step4
	3. <MAC_OF_ENROLEE> is derived using ifconfig command on enrollee

Step 4

Get URI for the QR Code 

> dpp_bootstrap_get_uri <BOOT_STRAPPING_INFO_ID> 
> returns <URI_OF_QR_CODE>

* Note :
	1. <BOOT_STRAPPING_INFO_ID> is derived from step3
	2. Use <URI_OF_QR_CODE> in step6

Step 5

> dpp_listen <frequency>

Step 6

Enter URI of QR code 

> dpp_qr_code <URI_OF_QR_CODE>
> returns <ENROLLEE_QR_CODE_ID>

* Note :
	1. <URI_OF_QR_CODE> is derived from step4
	2. Use <ENROLLEE_QR_CODE_ID> in step 7

Step 7

> dpp_auth_init peer=<ENROLLEE_QR_CODE_ID> \
  conf=ap-psk configurator=<CONFIGURATOR_ID> \
  ssid=<ssid in hex> \
  psk=<psk in hex> \
  pass=<passphrase in hex>


* Note :
	1. <ENROLLEE_QR_CODE_ID> is derived from step6
	2. <CONFIGURATOR_ID> is derived from step1

Step 8

> dpp_configurator_sign conf=sta-psk \
  configurator=<CONFIGURATOR_ID> \
  ssid=<ssid in hex>  \
  psk=<psk in hex> \
  pass=<passphrase in hex>

* Note :
	1. <CONFIGURATOR_ID> is derived from step1

Step 9

Set DPP values on STA 

> set dpp_csign <DPP-C-SIGN-KEY value> 
> set dpp_netaccesskey <DPP-NET-ACCESS-KEY value>

Step 10

> save_config

Example : Sequence of commands

Steps

AP (hostapd_cli)

Station (wpa_cli)

Step 1

> dpp_configurator_add
1

Step 2

> dpp_configurator_get_key 1
30770201010420544bd34e7b84ec0c988178a5c5659e4cc0f74f52fc \
9bba6854c54d9388cd5624a00a06082a8648ce3d030107a1440342000408 \
3f4a398d8122ea36fb7a7e1c2d7f9a0de6f58c5bf680facf559a0f79ac30 \
eb84211e6bf25eb0e09fe1d157a7ebf7e270f57558e1e8fa \
59cd566aafeb89ccf5

Step 3

> dpp_bootstrap_gen type=qrcode mac=020000000000 chan=81/1 \
  key=30770201010420544bd34e7b84ec0c988178a5c5659e4cc0f74f52fc \
  9bba6854c54d9388cd5624a00a06082a8648ce3d030107a1440342000408 \
  3f4a398d8122ea36fb7a7e1c2d7f9a0de6f58c5bf680facf559a0f79ac30 \
  eb84211e6bf25eb0e09fe1d157a7ebf7e270f57558e1e8fa \
  59cd566aafeb89ccf5
1

Step 4

> dpp_bootstrap_get_uri 1
DPP:C:81/1;M:020000000000;
K:MDkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZI
zj0DAQcDIgADCD9KOY2BIuo2+3
p+HC1/mg3m9Yxb9oD6z1WaD3msMOs=;;

Step 5

> dpp_listen 2412
OK

Step 6

> dpp_qr_code
DPP:C:81/1;M:020000000000;
K:MDkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZI
zj0DAQcDIgADCD9KOY2BIuo2+3
p+HC1/mg3m9Yxb9oD6z1WaD3msMOs=;;
1

Step 7

> dpp_auth_init peer=1 conf=ap-psk configurator=1
  ssid=74657374
  psk=29153c1e60c0e50afa47530eb7b6db1193b0131616c139e9f1785d174861cca7
  pass=70617373776f726470617373776 
> OK

Step 8

> dpp_configurator_sign conf=sta-psk configurator=1
  ssid=74657374
  psk=29153c1e60c0e50afa47530eb7b6db1193b0131616c139e9f1785d174861cca7
  pass=70617373776f726470617373776f726470617373776f7264
OK

wpa_cli logs ; Step 1, Step 2

> dpp_configurator_add
1

> dpp_configurator_get_key 1
30770201010420544bd34e7b84ec0c988178a5c5659e4cc0f74f52fc9bba6854c54d9388cd5624a00a06082a8648ce3d030107a14403420004083f4a398d8122ea36fb7a7e1c2d7f9a0de6f58c5bf680facf559a0f79ac30eb84211e6bf25eb0e09fe1d157a7ebf7e270f57558e1e8fa59cd566aafeb89ccf5

hostapd_cli logs ; Step 3, Step 4, Step 5

> dpp_bootstrap_gen type=qrcode mac=6466b3172c59 chan=81/6 key=30770201010420544bd34e7b84ec0c988178a5c5659e4cc0f74f52fc9bba6854c54d9388cd5624a00a06082a8648ce3d030107a14403420004083f4a398d8122ea36fb7a7e1c2d7f9a0de6f58c5bf680facf559a0f79ac30eb84211e6bf25eb0e09fe1d157a7ebf7e270f57558e1e8fa59cd566aafeb89ccf5
1>
> dpp_bootstrap_get_uri 1
DPP:C:81/6;M:020000000000;K:MDkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDIgADCD9KOY2BIuo2+3p+HC1/mg3m9Yxb9oD6z1WaD3msMOs=;;

> dpp_listen 2437
OK
> <3>DPP-RX src=020000000100 freq=2437 type=0
<3>DPP-TX dst=020000000100 freq=2437 type=1
<3>DPP-TX-STATUS dst=020000000100 result=SUCCESS
<3>DPP-RX src=020000000100 freq=2437 type=2
<3>DPP-AUTH-SUCCESS init=0
<3>GAS-QUERY-START addr=020000000100 dialog_token=0 freq=2437
<3>GAS-QUERY-DONE addr=020000000100 dialog_token=0 freq=2437 status_code=0 result=SUCCESS
<3>DPP-CONF-RECEIVED
<3>DPP-CONFOBJ-AKM psk
<3>DPP-CONFOBJ-SSID test
<3>DPP-CONFOBJ-PASS 70617373776f726470617373776f726470617373776f7264
<3>AP-STA-CONNECTED 020000000100

wpa_cli logs ; Step 6, Step 7, Step 8

> dpp_qr_code DPP:C:81/6;M:020000000000;K:MDkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDIgADCD9KOY2BIuo2+3p+HC1/mg3m9Yxb9oD6z1WaD3msMOs=;;
1
> dpp_auth_init peer=1 conf=ap-psk configurator=1 ssid=74657374 psk=29153c1e60c0e50afa47530eb7b6db1193b0131616c139e9f1785d174861cca7 pass=70617373776f726470617373776f726470617373776f7264
OK
<3>DPP-TX dst=020000000000 freq=2437 type=0
<3>DPP-TX-STATUS dst=020000000000 freq=2437 result=SUCCESS
<3>DPP-RX src=020000000000 freq=2437 type=1
<3>DPP-AUTH-DIRECTION mutual=0
<3>DPP-TX dst=020000000000 freq=2437 type=2
<3>DPP-TX-STATUS dst=020000000000 freq=2437 result=SUCCESS
<3>DPP-AUTH-SUCCESS init=1
<3>DPP-CONF-REQ-RX src=020000000000
<3>DPP-CONF-SENT
> dpp_configurator_sign conf=sta-psk configurator=1 ssid=74657374 psk=29153c1e60c0e50afa47530eb7b6db1193b0131616c139e9f1785d174861cca7 pass=70617373776f726470617373776f726470617373776f7264
OK
<3>DPP-CONF-RECEIVED
<3>DPP-CONFOBJ-SSID test
<3>DPP-C-SIGN-KEY 3059301306072a8648ce3d020106082a8648ce3d03010703420004083f4a398d8122ea36fb7a7e1c2d7f9a0de6f58c5bf680facf559a0f79ac30eb84211e6bf25eb0e09fe1d157a7ebf7e270f57558e1e8fa59cd566aafeb89ccf5
<3>DPP-NET-ACCESS-KEY 3077020101042076a9df333dfb51cd0c769a8c55644b183763d858583a5cdf9ecf1f3c5a02460ba00a06082a8648ce3d030107a1440342000492f7f9f3f3b3ba63d9178300d2161b31694140c962f39fdd1ecba42ccc31d17ab41be1d8c18feadd8a5a2cc0a1ddc6c79ab5379c05a6220b34f9dfa3e2212c79
<3>DPP-NETWORK-ID 0
<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-STARTED
<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS
<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE
<3>SME: Trying to authenticate with 020000000000 (SSID='test' freq=2437 MHz)
<3>Trying to associate with 020000000000 (SSID='test' freq=2437 MHz)
<3>Associated with 020000000000
<3>CTRL-EVENT-SUBNET-STATUS-UPDATE status=0
<3>WPA: Key negotiation completed with 020000000000 [PTK=CCMP GTK=CCMP]
<3>CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - Connection to 020000000000 completed [id=0 id_str=]

Run data traffic

Steps

AP

Station

Step 1 : Assign IP address

$ ifconfig wlan0 192.168.3.1 up
$ ifconfig wlan1 192.168.3.10 up

Step 2 : Check IP address

$ ifconfig wlan0
wlan0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.3.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.3.255
        ether 02:00:00:00:00:00  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 61  bytes 11085 (11.0 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 130  bytes 25688 (25.6 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
$ ifconfig wlan1
wlan1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.3.10  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.3.255
        ether 02:00:00:00:01:00  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 73  bytes 13119 (13.1 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 65  bytes 13111 (13.1 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

Step 3 : Check ping

$ ping 192.168.3.10
PING 192.168.3.10 (192.168.3.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.3.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.092 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.10: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.036 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.10: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.094 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.10: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.105 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.10: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.094 ms

$ ping 192.168.3.1
PING 192.168.3.1 (192.168.3.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.3.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.121 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.091 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.090 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.097 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.243 ms

Step 4 : Run iperf TCP DL

$ iperf -c 192.168.3.10 -i 1 -t 5
$ iperf -s -i 1

Step 5 : Run iperf TCP UL

$ iperf -s -i 1
$ iperf -c 192.168.3.1 -i 1 -t 5

Step 6 : Run iperf UDP DL

$ iperf -c 192.168.3.10 -u -b 1000M -i 1 -t 5
$ iperf -s -u -i 1 

Step 7 : Run iperf UDP UL

$ iperf -s -u -i 1
$ iperf -c 192.168.3.1 -u -b 1000M -i 1 -t 5